Kenichi Ito
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- 1 Agency out-of Psychology, University out of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- dos Agencies regarding Mindset, The training College or university from Hong-kong, Tai Po, Hong-kong
- step three Agency out of Sociology, The University regarding Hong kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong-kong
- 4 Company of Therapy and you can Psychology, Hong-kong Shue Yan University, Northern Point, Hong kong
Self-confident feelings is actually regarding numerous gurus, yet not someone appreciates a comparable kinds of positive psychological feel. I check just how distinct confident feelings was detected and you will whether or not individuals’ thinking is actually related to exactly how communities look at people thoughts. Participants out-of Hong-kong and you may Netherlands rated 23 self-confident emotions created on their personal perceptions (positivity, stimulation, and you can socially engaging) and you can public feedback (suitable, appreciated, and you can accepted regarding). I discovered that (1) there had been cultural differences in judgments on most of the six areas of self-confident thinking; (2) positivity, stimulation, and public engagement predicted thoughts getting undoubtedly considered within public top in both societies; and you can (3) you to positivity mattered even more on the Dutch users, though arousal and you will personal involvement mattered a great deal more into the Hong kong for public recommendations. These types of findings bring a good granular chart of your effect and you will review from distinctive line of self-confident feelings in 2 societies and highlight the fresh new role of countries from the understanding how confident ideas was thought and you can evaluated.
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Many people declaration are quite happy in most cases (Diener and Diener, 1996), and you can self-confident emotional skills are very important on account of they enjoy good key part in really-being and you may fitness (Bastian et al., 2014). not, not everybody values the same types of self-confident emotional feel. As well as, little known about how precisely some body understand and look at certain positive thoughts such contentment, save, pride, and you can gratitude.
Generally speaking, ideas should be reviewed towards the at the very least four profile: private, dyads, category, and you may community (Keltner and you will Haidt, 1999). In the present works, i concentrate on the impression away from thinking within individual height in terms of positivity, arousal, and personal engagement in addition to evaluation away from thoughts within the newest public peak in terms of if they was valued, accepted regarding, and you can thought to be compatible; i in addition to looked at just how judgments along the two accounts relate genuinely to each other. Particularly, the present analysis looked at brand new attitudes and critiques off 23 various other self-confident thoughts across two cultural contexts: Hong-kong and Netherlands.
People is actually a good socially carried constellation out-of strategies, signs, and you can beliefs one to shape exactly how individuals think, feel, and you may react (). A major differences exists between individualistic and collectivistic societies. Inside the individualistic societies, for example United states and you will Western European countries, info per liberty, and personal completion and you may objective search, become emphasized. In contrast, into the collectivistic countries, such as for instance into the Eastern China, records emphasizing social equilibrium and you may interdependence is highly regarded (a good, 1991). These types of variations in cultural opinions apply to just how people understand thoughts during the terms of certain qualities, such as for instance positivity, pleasure, and you can societal involvement.
Positivity ‘s the intrinsic elegance or satisfaction in the a meeting, object, otherwise disease (Frijda, 1986). Anybody generally prefer positive attitude over negative of those no matter social record (Larsen, 2000). not, confident thoughts become more preferred into the West countries than in Eastern Far eastern cultures (Eid and you can Diener, 2001), and exactly how self-confident feelings are seen along with relies on culture. Eg, when questioned to spell it out attributes of positive thoughts, Us americans mostly focus on the positive aspects, and you may Japanese folks are expected to discuss negative aspects due to the fact well (Uchida and you can Kitayama, 2009). Therefore, even if a lot of people of both West and you may East Far-eastern communities such as confident ideas, they might pick positivity off more basics. To date, merely a small number of particular positive thinking was in fact checked-out inside regards to positivity impression (Character and you will Kashdan, 2012; Miyamoto mais aussi al., 2014). And that, nothing known in regards to the wider variety of positive thoughts that have become tested about research literary works. In the present study, we wanted to check on and you may compare thinking from positivity out-of 23 some other positive ideas around the a couple cultures.
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